A pencil hardness test is a type of evaluation method that is performed to determine the hardness of a material, typically coating materials. To perform a pencil hardness test, graphite pencils of varying hardness are moved across a coating's surface. Its hardness relative to the graphite… View Full Term
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Michael Pfeifer, Ph.D., P.E. is Principal Consultant and Trainer for Industrial Metallurgists, LLC. He provides metallurgy training and metallurgical engineering consulting to companies involved with product development and manufacturing. He has over 20 years of experience working on failure analysis, root cause analysis, product design, cost reduction, and quality improvement for a wide variety of products and materials.
Michael has a Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering from Northwestern University and is a professional engineer licensed in Illinois. He is also the author of the book Materials Enabled Designs: The Materials Engineering Perspective to Product Design and Manufacturing.
Stainless steel is known for its corrosion resistance in many environments in which carbon and low-alloy tool steels would corrode. Find out what makes it corrosion resistant.
This article discusses how to work with a metallurgical lab to increase the likelihood of getting the information needed to determine the root cause of a failure and to ensure that working with the lab is a positive experience.
Hydrogen embrittlement is the result of the absorption of hydrogen by susceptible metals, resulting in the loss of ductility and reduction of load-bearing capability. Here's a brief look at this process.
The broad array of stainless steels available provides a vast portfolio of capabilities. However, each alloy has distinct advantages and disadvantages. Find out more here.
For structural components exposed to fatigue conditions, designers must be concerned with both the strength and the toughness. Find out what the difference is between these two measurements.