A condenser is a piece of industrial equipment that acts as a heat exchanger to convert a vapor to a liquid. It does this by reducing the vapor's temperature via thermodynamic contact with an external fluid of lower temperature. Often, the gas to be treated is steam and the external fluid is water. Condensers are prone to corrosion due to their constant contact with moisture.
The fluid to be treated enters the condenser in a superheated state. It is first cooled then converted to a liquid by transferring heat to an external medium. The refrigerant leaves the condenser in saturated or sub-cooled liquid form. The exact state of the liquid may be determined by altering the temperature of the external medium or by the design of the condenser.
Corrosion may be prevented by lining the condenser with a thermal barrier coating.
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