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Abrasion Resistance Analysis

Last updated: July 22, 2020

What Does Abrasion Resistance Analysis Mean?

Abrasion resistance analysis refers to examining the ability of materials and structures to withstand the wearing down or rubbing away of the material by means of friction.

Abrasion resistance helps the material maintain its original structure and appearance. Any type of mechanical wear is resisted by abrasion resistance. There are a variety of test methods for conducting an abrasion resistance analysis of materials and structures.

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Corrosionpedia Explains Abrasion Resistance Analysis

The purpose of conducting abrasion resistance analysis is to test the abrasive resistance of materials and structures. The materials could be metals, composites, ceramics or thick coatings (e.g., weld overlays, thermal spray). The intent of this test method is to produce the analysis data in a way that will provide insights into ranking the materials in the order of their resistance to scratching abrasion under a specific set of conditions. There are two abrasion analysis testing methods used widely:

  • The first is a standard test method for measuring abrasion and makes use of dry sand or a rubber wheel apparatus as per ASTM G65. In this testing method, a rectangular test sample is taken, which is loaded against a rotating rubber wheel. Sand of a certain grit size is deposited between the rectangular sample and the rubber wheel. The wheel is rotated in the direction of the flow of sand. The weight of the rectangular test sample is recorded before the start of this test procedure and again after conducting this test. Any difference is recorded and is interpreted as the loss of mass due to dry sand abrasion. To compare the materials for their rankings with respect to each other, the mass of material lost during testing must be converted to the volume loss so that the material densities can be accounted properly during the comparison.
  • The second test method is the pin abrasion testing method conducted as per ASTM G132. This test is performed using two pin specimens; one pin specimen is treated as the sample (or test) material and other pin is used as a reference material. To start the test, a sample pin is positioned perpendicular to an abrasive surface that is mounted on and supported by a flat surface. The test machine permits relative motion between the abrasive surface and the pin surface. The wear on the sample pin is continuous and non-overlapping. The weight of the sample pin is monitored continuously and if any weight is lost, that corresponds to the amount of wear. The second reference pin is administered along with the sample pin to account for abrasivity variations.

Abrasion resistance is related to the compressive strength of concrete. Strong concrete is more abrasion-resistant than weak concrete.

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